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Version
1/02 (May 2002)
Contents
Inclusion
in this guide does not imply an endorsement by INCORE of the views
expressed in any of these sources.
- Prime
sources (A select list drawn from the categories below)
- News
Sources
- Institutions
- Non
Governmental Organisations
-
Prime
sources
This list does not imply a recommendation of the sources or an endorsement
of the views expressed in any of these sources. It is a select list
drawn from the other categories in this document.
-
South
Eastern Europe Regional Documentation Network (SEEDON)
The Documentation Network/Virtual Library is an excellent resource.
Searchable by country, the site has links, articles, and data
ranging from official reports to statistics to media resources
and internet links. The vast majority of information on this site
is directly related to security matters. For example, “Political
Independence and Neutrality of the Police” by Budimir Babovic
[Official Documents- Police and Non-Military Security Forces]
and Macedonian Army Command and Control Structure [Facts, Figures
and Statistics]. Some material is only available by cite; most
is linked to its home institution at the very least. The site
is searchable by topic and by details.
-
Lawyers’
Committee for Human Rights.
“A Fragile Peace: Laying the Foundations for Justice in
Kosovo.” October 1999. – Section IV Policing –
Key report detailing problems of integration and corruption in
the new Kosovo police force; also provides recommendations for
reform.
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News
Sources
- European
Security Journal
Table of Contents and Abstracts available on-line. ESJ looks at
security in general, but also contains material relevant to internal
conflict. Example: “Civil-Military Cooperation In Complex
Emergencies: Finding Ways To Make It Work” by Joëlle
Jenny and “The Russian Security Council” by Carolina
Vendil, both in Vol. 10, No. 2.
The International Journal
of Albanian Studies
This site contains only Vol. 1, No. 1 (1997) and Vol. 2, No. 1 (1998),
select articles are available on-line. A particular article of interest,
though not available on-line, is “Police Reform in Post-Communist
Albania: A Failed Experience?” – Arianat Koci; Vol.
2, No. 1, Spring 1998.
Valasek, Tomas. “Security Forces Key to Yugoslavia’s
Future as Violence Erupts.” Center for Defense Information,
October 5, 2000. http://www.cdi.org/issues/Europe/serbiaforces.html
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Institutions
- United
Nations Peacekeeping Operations
See Monitoring/Patrolling and Civilian Police (both under Introduction),
and “Training and Evaluation” pages for the UN’s
role in internal security reform. Reports also useful for individual
cases.
Also- Completed
Missions – Completed missions in Europe, includes FRY,
Croatia and Macedonia.
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Non
Governmental Organisations
- South
Eastern Europe Regional Documentation Network (SEEDON)
The Documentation Network/Virtual Library is an excellent resource.
Searchable by country, the site has links, articles, and data ranging
from official reports to statistics to media resources and internet
links. The vast majority of information on this site is directly
related to security matters. For example, “Political Independence
and Neutrality of the Police” by Budimir Babovic [Official
Documents- Police and Non-Military Security Forces] and Macedonian
Army Command and Control Structure [Facts, Figures and Statistics].
Some material is only available by cite; most is linked to its home
institution at the very least. The site is searchable by topic and
by details.
- Stability
Pact for South Eastern Europe
The Stability Pact was established to stabilize South Eastern Europe,
and has produced reports of particular relevance to security reform.
See Working Table III, Sub-Table II for issues specific to police
reform. Reports within Working Table III, Sub-Tables I and II deal
with a variety of issues that deeply divided societies must deal
with in reforming security forces, such as corruption and drug trafficking.
- Humanitarian
Law Centre
HLC reviews many aspects of the conflict in the former Yugoslavia.
Articles are available in full-text on-line. Some areas of interest
can be found under Civil Remedies (articles relating to compensation
for security forces’ actions, punishments, accountability
issues), war crimes trials; Minorities (some articles focus on abuse
and use of force by security forces, abuse/harassment by police,
etc.); Resistance (information on arrests/re-arrests of resistance
workers, police harassment of resistance advocates, etc.); Torture;
Other (reports of police inaction, security forces’ violations,
failures to comply, etc.)
- Institute
for War and Peace Reporting
While this site focuses on the media, its one of its primary areas
of work is the Balkans. Crisis reports are available on-line, and
many articles concerning security concerns and reforms will be of
interest.
"Partnership for Peace and New Dimensions of Albania's Security
Posture" – Center for Army
Lessons Learned (CALL) -[Search site for title] – Interesting
perspectives on Albania’s security situation.
- Transitions
Online
This site covers many topics related to the Balkans, including news
and current events. Of particular relevance is the “Balkan
Reconstruction Report.”
Kosovo
- Kosovo
Police Service- see UNMIK
A good site to become familiar with the KPS. Diagrams the organizational
cooperation involved, briefly explains recruit requirements, outlines
training program, and gives statistics on each class, including
a breakdown of number of Serbs, Albanians, minorities, and women.
- UN
Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
News and developments in UNMIK’s history; while not security
specific, developments and reports on security are posted here along
with other issues facing the transitional administration. This site
is, at time of posting, listed under Current Operations- in time
it may be moved to Completed Missions.
- KFOR
For a NATO perspective on KFOR operations, this site is useful;
the Objectives/Mission page is helpful as a guide to the goals of
KFOR and what actions this entailed.
- Lawyers’
Committee for Human Rights. “A Fragile Peace: Laying the
Foundations for Justice in Kosovo.” October 1999. –
Section IV Policing – Key report detailing problems of integration
and corruption in the new Kosovo police force; also provides recommendations
for reform.
- Amnesty
International
Amnesty International has researched human rights violations in
Kosovo and produced a large number of reports. A review of the reports
available is useful; some reports that may be particularly useful
include:
- “Kosovo: Essential Safeguards for an Agreement- Recommendations
for Security Forces” AI Index EUR70/008/1999, Date 2 Dec.
1999
- “A Human Rights Crisis in Kosovo: Ljubenic and Poklek: Extrajudicial
executions, excessive use of force and ‘disappearances’”
– especially relevant are the recommendations.
Bosnia
- UN
Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina
A required site for understanding the UN Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Statements, speeches and reports are included. News of interest-
“Police down-sizing part of UNMIBH's work to create ‘A
Police Force Fit for Europe’.” 27 February, 2002. News
and Developments Archives available on-line.
- UN
Peacekeeping Operations- UNMIBH
At time of posting, listed under Current Operations. In time, this
site may move to Completed Operations. A good overview of the UN
Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina, including news and developments,
facts and figures, mandate, and documents.
- -
International Police
Task Force, UN Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina–
The IPTF site describes the goals and mission of the force in
Bosnia and Herzegovina, the training practices used and reforms.
The site also lists the composition, by country, of the police
monitors.
- UNMIBH
IPTF Training Academy – Criteria for applicants, cadet
statistics (including numbers by ethnic group and gender) and
training descriptions are provided.
- Security Council Resolution 1088 authorizing IPTF (par. 27)
– www.unmibh.org/news/resolutions/1088.htm
- SFOR
(Stabilization Force) - NATO – Of particular interest is the
Mission Statement, Fact Sheets, SFOR History and BiH Today.
- OSCE
Mission
See Security Co-operation: Includes relevant documents, responsibilities,
goals and objectives, and confidence-building measures to ensure
state sovereignty and security. OSCE is operating in co-operation
with SFOR and OHR (Office of the High Representative).
- Office
of the High Representative – Military Cell/Defence and
Security Policy - – Brief overview of the OHR’s role
in internal security stabilization.
- Human
Rights Watch "Beyond Restraint: Politics and the Policing
Agenda of the UN IPTF"
Croatia
- UNCIVPOL
support group: UNPSG
A useful outline of UNCIVPOL’s role in Croatia. Highlights
problems and recommended reforms in the Croatian police service,
such as integration and responses to ethnic incidents; provides
links to relevant documents.
- UN
Mission of Observers (UNMOP)
Including Background, Recent Developments, and Mission Profile of
the Observers in Croatia.
- UN
Transitional Administration (UNTAES)
Profile, Chronology, and Recent Developments (useful for understanding
the final security aspects of UNTAES) give a general idea of this
UN completed mission.
- OSCE
Overview and Fact Sheets contain useful information.
- Military
site
Brief descriptions of the branches of the military and police service.
Macedonia
- Currently,
no specific site for Macedonian security forces, military or police,
exist(the exception is the Ministry of Defence site provided below).
However, there are several sources providing relevant material.
News
Articles
- “Macedonia
Implements Police Plan” – November 8, 2001
- “Police
Abuse Against Albanians Continues in Macedonia” –
August 22, 2001
- “Police Violence in Macedonia”- HRW report found
on www.nyu.edu/globalbeat/kosovo/HRW0498.html
- UN
Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP)
Background information includes mission objectives and the history
of the first UN Preventive Deployment Force, Military Aspects, and
Profile.
- Ministry
of Defence
Interesting site; Publications include Modern Macedonian Journal
(Theoretical Journal) with many articles relevant to internal security;
Articles for 2000 and 2001 available full text. News dating from
1998 to present, speeches and press statements are also included.
Must-see pages include Defence Law and Defence Strategy; other useful
pages are the White Paper and Basic Fact Sheet. The Army has many
useful links- see Military Education. Also provides links to Defense
Departments and Militaries world-wide.
- State
Statistical Office
Site under construction at time of posting.
- OSCE
Includes updates on affairs in Macedonia; past press releases are
searchable. Noteworthy news: “Multi-ethnic police training
course in former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia welcomes its first
intake” (14 February 2002).
- NATO
– Operation
Essential Harvest – – An overview of NATO’s
Macedonian operation includes press conferences by date, press releases,
speeches and chronology. Of particular interest is the Fact Sheet,
notably the section on Military Measures.
- The
Macedonian Question:
Reform or Rebellion? – International Crisis Group
Report on the increase of violence by Macedonian Albanians and recommendations
to integrate minorities into FRYOM. Note recommendations 1 and 8,
proposing international backing of security forces and discouraging
the depletion/disengagement of the Kosovo Protection Force.
- Human
Rights Watch “Macedonia: Crimes Against Civilians: Abuses
by Macedonian Forces in Ljubsten. August 10-12, 2001”
- Institute
for War and Peace Reporting
While focusing on media in societies in conflict, IWPR is also conducting
a project specific to Macedonia that includes issues relevant to
the security situation and steps being taken to overcome these challenges.
The project is in its early stages, but contains useful information
when looking at Macedonia.
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